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In Hindu mythology, Yama ((サンスクリット:यम)) is the lord of death. He is mentioned in the Rigveda, as one who helped mankind find a place to dwell in and gave every individual the power to tread any path he wants to.〔(The Rig Veda/Mandala 10/Hymn 14 ) Ralph Griffith (Translator), see also hymns 10.135-10.136〕 In Vedic tradition Yama was considered to have been the first mortal who died and espied the way to the celestial abodes, thus in virtue of precedence he became the ruler of the departed. He is described as Yama's name can be interpreted to mean "twin", and in some myths he is paired with a twin sister Yamī. Yama is associated with different and inconsistent roles in Hindu mythology, sometimes as the lord of justice, sometimes with Dharma as in Brahma Purana, sometimes different from deity Dharma as in other Puranas.〔K Merh (1996), Yama: the Glorious Lord of the Other World, DK Publishers, ISBN 978-8124600665, pages 196-199〕 Yama is also found in Buddhist texts. The Buddhist Yama, however, has developed different myths.〔Alice Getty (1988), The Gods of Northern Buddhism, Dover, ISBN 978-0486255750, pages 149-154〕 ==Characteristics== Yama is the deity of death in Indian mythology. His assistants who help him in doing his work, in Hindu Puranic mythology, are ''Kala'' (time), ''Jwara'' (fever), ''Vyadhi'' (disease), ''Krodha'' (anger) and ''Asuya'' ( jealousy). He is one of the Lokapāla and represents the south cardinal direction. Yama is varying referred to, in different texts, as the god of justice, Dharma or someone different from these deities.〔 In the Katha Upanishad, Yama is portrayed as a teacher to Nachiketa the legendary little boy, and their conversation evolves to a discussion of the nature of man, knowledge, Atman (Soul, Self) and moksha (liberation).〔Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814684, pages 269-273〕 In the Epic Mahabharata, he is the father of Yudhishthira (also known as Dharmaraja), the oldest brother of the 5 Pandavas (Karna was born prior to Kunti's wedlock, so technically Karna is Yudhishthira's older brother) and is said to have incarnated as Vidura by some accounts in the Mahabharata period. In other texts, Yama is called Kāla ("Time"), but so are other gods in Hindu patheon, such as Shiva. the latter is also called Mahākāla ("Great Time") in his form as the destroyer of the world. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yama (Hinduism)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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